Teuchos_CommHelpers.hpp

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// @HEADER
// *****************************************************************************
//                    Teuchos: Common Tools Package
//
// Copyright 2004 NTESS and the Teuchos contributors.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
// *****************************************************************************
// @HEADER

#ifndef TEUCHOS_COMM_HELPERS_HPP
#define TEUCHOS_COMM_HELPERS_HPP

#include "Teuchos_Comm.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_CommUtilities.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_SerializationTraitsHelpers.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_ReductionOpHelpers.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_SerializerHelpers.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_ScalarTraits.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_OrdinalTraits.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_Array.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_TypeNameTraits.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_Workspace.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_as.hpp"

#ifdef HAVE_TEUCHOS_MPI
#  include "Teuchos_DefaultMpiComm.hpp"
#endif // HAVE_TEUCHOS_MPI
#include "Teuchos_DefaultSerialComm.hpp"
#include "Teuchos_EReductionType.hpp"

namespace Teuchos {

//
// Teuchos::Comm Helper Functions
//

#ifdef HAVE_TEUCHOS_MPI
namespace Details {

std::string getMpiErrorString (const int errCode);

} // namespace Details
#endif // HAVE_TEUCHOS_MPI

template<typename Ordinal>
int rank(const Comm<Ordinal>& comm);

template<typename Ordinal>
int size(const Comm<Ordinal>& comm);

template<typename Ordinal>
void barrier(const Comm<Ordinal>& comm);

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int rootRank,
  const Ordinal count, Packet buffer[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int rootRank,
  const ArrayView<Packet> &buffer
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int rootRank, Packet *object
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int rootRank, const Ptr<Packet> &object
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const int rootRank, const Ordinal count, Packet*const buffer[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const int rootRank, const ArrayView<const Ptr<Packet> > &buffer
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
void broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const int rootRank,
  const Ordinal count, Packet buffer[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void
gather (const Packet sendBuf[],
        const Ordinal sendCount,
        Packet recvBuf[],
        const Ordinal recvCount,
        const int root,
        const Comm<Ordinal>& comm);

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void
gatherv (const Packet sendBuf[],
         const Ordinal sendCount,
         Packet recvBuf[],
         const Ordinal recvCounts[],
         const Ordinal displs[],
         const int root,
         const Comm<Ordinal>& comm);

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void gatherAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Ordinal sendCount, const Packet sendBuffer[],
  const Ordinal recvCount, Packet recvBuffer[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void gatherAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const Ordinal sendCount, const Packet*const sendBuffer[],
  const Ordinal recvCount, Packet*const recvBuffer[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
void gatherAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const Ordinal sendCount, const Packet sendBuffer[],
  const Ordinal recvCount, Packet recvBuffer[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void
scatter (const Packet sendBuf[],
         const Ordinal sendCount,
         Packet recvBuf[],
         const Ordinal recvCount,
         const Ordinal root,
         const Comm<Ordinal>& comm)
{
  // See Bug 6375; Tpetra does not actually need any specializations
  // other than Ordinal = int and Packet = int.  We may add them later
  // if there is interest.
  TEUCHOS_TEST_FOR_EXCEPTION
    (true, std::logic_error, "Teuchos::scatter<" <<
     TypeNameTraits<Ordinal>::name () << "," << TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name ()
     << ">: Generic version is not yet implemented.  This function currently "
     "only has an implementtion for Ordinal = int and Packet = int.  "
     "See Bug 6375 and Bug 6336.");
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void
scatterv (const Packet sendBuf[],
         const Ordinal sendCounts[],
         const Ordinal displs[],
         Packet recvBuf[],
         const Ordinal recvCount,
         const Ordinal root,
         const Comm<Ordinal>& comm)
{
  // See Bug 6375; Tpetra does not actually need any specializations
  // other than Ordinal = int and Packet = int.  We may add them later
  // if there is interest.
  TEUCHOS_TEST_FOR_EXCEPTION
    (true, std::logic_error, "Teuchos::scatterv<" <<
     TypeNameTraits<Ordinal>::name () << "," << TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name ()
     << ">: Generic version is not yet implemented.  This function currently "
     "only has an implementtion for Ordinal = int and Packet = int.  "
     "See Bug 6375 and Bug 6336.");
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void
reduce (const Packet sendBuf[],
        Packet recvBuf[],
        const Ordinal count,
        const EReductionType reductType,
        const Ordinal root,
        const Comm<Ordinal>& comm);

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet globalReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet globalReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType,
  const Packet &send, const Ptr<Packet> &globalReduct
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const ReferenceTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet*const sendBuffer[], Packet*const globalReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
void reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet globalReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
void reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const EReductionType reductType,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet globalReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet scanReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet scanReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType,
  const Packet &send, const Ptr<Packet> &scanReduct
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const ReferenceTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet*const sendBuffer[], Packet*const scanReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
void scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet scanReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
void scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const EReductionType reductType,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet scanReducts[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void send(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], const int destRank
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void
send (const Packet sendBuffer[],
      const Ordinal count,
      const int destRank,
      const int tag,
      const Comm<Ordinal>& comm);

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void ssend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], const int destRank
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void
ssend (const Packet sendBuffer[],
       const Ordinal count,
       const int destRank,
       const int tag,
       const Comm<Ordinal>& comm);

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void send(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Packet &send, const int destRank
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void ssend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Packet &send, const int destRank
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void send(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet*const sendBuffer[], const int destRank
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
void send(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], const int destRank
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
int receive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int sourceRank, const Ordinal count, Packet recvBuffer[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
int receive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int sourceRank, Packet *recv
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
int receive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const int sourceRank, const Ordinal count, Packet*const recvBuffer[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
int receive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const int sourceRank, const Ordinal count, Packet recvBuffer[]
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void readySend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const ArrayView<const Packet> &sendBuffer,
  const int destRank
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void
readySend (const Packet sendBuffer[],
           const Ordinal count,
           const int destRank,
           const int tag,
           const Comm<Ordinal>& comm);

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void readySend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Packet &send,
  const int destRank
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
void readySend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const ArrayView<const Packet> &sendBuffer,
  const int destRank
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> > isend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const ArrayRCP<const Packet> &sendBuffer,
  const int destRank
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> >
isend (const ArrayRCP<const Packet>& sendBuffer,
       const int destRank,
       const int tag,
       const Comm<Ordinal>& comm);

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> > isend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const RCP<const Packet> &send,
  const int destRank
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> > isend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const ArrayRCP<const Packet> &sendBuffer,
  const int destRank
  );


// 2008/07/29: rabartl: ToDo: Add reference semantics version of isend!


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> > ireceive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const ArrayRCP<Packet> &recvBuffer,
  const int sourceRank
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> >
ireceive (const ArrayRCP<Packet> &recvBuffer,
          const int sourceRank,
          const int tag,
          const Comm<Ordinal>& comm);

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> > ireceive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const RCP<Packet> &recv,
  const int sourceRank
  );

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> > ireceive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const ArrayRCP<Packet> &recvBuffer,
  const int sourceRank
  );


// 2008/07/29: rabartl: ToDo: Add reference semantics version of ireceive!


template<typename Ordinal>
void waitAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const ArrayView<RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> > > &requests
  );

template<typename Ordinal>
void
waitAll (const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
         const ArrayView<RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> > >& requests,
         const ArrayView<RCP<CommStatus<Ordinal> > >& statuses);

template<typename Ordinal>
RCP<CommStatus<Ordinal> >
wait (const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Ptr<RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> > >& request);

//
// Standard reduction subclasses for objects that use value semantics
//


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class SumValueReductionOp : public ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>
{
public:
  void reduce(
    const Ordinal count,
    const Packet inBuffer[],
    Packet inoutBuffer[]
    ) const;
};


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class MinValueReductionOp : public ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>
{
public:
  void reduce(
    const Ordinal count,
    const Packet inBuffer[],
    Packet inoutBuffer[]
    ) const;
};


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class MaxValueReductionOp : public ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>
{
public:
  void reduce(
    const Ordinal count,
    const Packet inBuffer[],
    Packet inoutBuffer[]
    ) const;
};


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class ANDValueReductionOp : public ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>
{
public:
  void reduce(
    const Ordinal count,
    const Packet inBuffer[],
    Packet inoutBuffer[]
    ) const;
};


// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Implementation details (not for geneal users to mess with)


//
// ReductionOp Utilities
//


namespace MixMaxUtilities {


template<bool isComparable, typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class Min {};


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class Min<true,Ordinal,Packet> {
public:
  static void min(
    const Ordinal count,
    const Packet inBuffer[],
    Packet inoutBuffer[]
    )
    {
      for( int i = 0; i < count; ++i )
        inoutBuffer[i] = TEUCHOS_MIN(inoutBuffer[i],inBuffer[i]);
    }
};


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class Min<false,Ordinal,Packet> {
public:
  static void min(
    const Ordinal,
    const Packet[],
    Packet[]
    )
    {
      TEUCHOS_TEST_FOR_EXCEPTION(
        true,std::logic_error,
        "Error, the type "<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
        <<" does not support comparison operations!"
        );
    }
};


template<bool isComparable, typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class Max {};


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class Max<true,Ordinal,Packet> {
public:
  static void max(
    const Ordinal count,
    const Packet inBuffer[],
    Packet inoutBuffer[]
    )
    {
      for( int i = 0; i < count; ++i )
        inoutBuffer[i] = TEUCHOS_MAX(inoutBuffer[i],inBuffer[i]);
    }
};


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class Max<false,Ordinal,Packet> {
public:
  static void max(
    const Ordinal,
    const Packet[],
    Packet[]
    )
    {
      TEUCHOS_TEST_FOR_EXCEPTION(
        true,std::logic_error,
        "Error, the type "<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
        <<" does not support comparison operations!"
        );
    }
};


template<bool isComparable, typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class AND {};


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class AND<true,Ordinal,Packet> {
public:
  static void andOp(
    const Ordinal count,
    const Packet inBuffer[],
    Packet inoutBuffer[]
    )
    {
      for( int i = 0; i < count; ++i )
        inoutBuffer[i] = inoutBuffer[i] && inBuffer[i];
    }
};


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
class AND<false,Ordinal,Packet> {
public:
  static void andOp(
    const Ordinal,
    const Packet[],
    Packet[]
    )
    {
      TEUCHOS_TEST_FOR_EXCEPTION(
        true,std::logic_error,
        "Error, the type "<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
        <<" does not support logical AND operations!"
        );
    }
};


} // namespace MixMaxUtilities


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void SumValueReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>::reduce(
  const Ordinal count,
  const Packet inBuffer[],
  Packet inoutBuffer[]
  ) const
{
  for( int i = 0; i < count; ++i )
    inoutBuffer[i] += inBuffer[i];
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void MinValueReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>::reduce(
  const Ordinal count,
  const Packet inBuffer[],
  Packet inoutBuffer[]
  ) const
{
  typedef MixMaxUtilities::Min<ScalarTraits<Packet>::isComparable, Ordinal, Packet> min_type;
  min_type::min (count, inBuffer, inoutBuffer);
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void MaxValueReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>::reduce(
  const Ordinal count,
  const Packet inBuffer[],
  Packet inoutBuffer[]
  ) const
{
  typedef MixMaxUtilities::Max<ScalarTraits<Packet>::isComparable, Ordinal, Packet> max_type;
  max_type::max (count,inBuffer,inoutBuffer);
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void ANDValueReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>::reduce(
  const Ordinal count,
  const Packet inBuffer[],
  Packet inoutBuffer[]
  ) const
{
  typedef MixMaxUtilities::AND<ScalarTraits<Packet>::isComparable, Ordinal, Packet> and_type;
  and_type::andOp (count, inBuffer, inoutBuffer);
}


} // namespace Teuchos


// //////////////////////////
// Template implemenations


//
// ReductionOp utilities
//


namespace Teuchos {


// Not for the general user to use! I am returning a raw ReductionOp* pointer
// to avoid the overhead of using RCP. However, given the use case
// this is just fine since I can just use std::auto_ptr to make sure things
// are deleted correctly.
//
// NOTE (mfh 08 Feb 2015) std::auto_ptr has been deprecated in C++11.
// I could either replace it with std::unique_ptr, or just call 'new'
// and 'delete' manually.  The former is less error prone, but
// requires checking a macro for whether C++11 is actually enabled.
// Thus, I've chosen (for now) to rewrite all the code that uses
// std::auto_ptr, so that it allocates and deletes manually.
template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>*
createOp (const EReductionType reductType)
{
  typedef ScalarTraits<Packet> ST;
  switch (reductType) {
    case REDUCE_SUM: {
      return new SumValueReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> ();
    }
    case REDUCE_MIN: {
      if (ST::isComparable) {
        return new MinValueReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> ();
      }
      else {
        TEUCHOS_TEST_FOR_EXCEPTION
          (! ST::isComparable, std::invalid_argument, "Teuchos::createOp"
           "(EReductionType): The Packet type " << TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name ()
           << " is not less-than comparable, so it does not make sense to do a "
           "MIN reduction with it.");
      }
    }
    case REDUCE_MAX: {
      if (ST::isComparable) {
        return new MaxValueReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> ();
      }
      else {
        TEUCHOS_TEST_FOR_EXCEPTION
          (! ST::isComparable, std::invalid_argument, "Teuchos::createOp"
           "(EReductionType): The Packet type " << TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name ()
           << " is not less-than comparable, so it does not make sense to do a "
           "MAX reduction with it.");
      }
    }
    case REDUCE_AND: {
      return new ANDValueReductionOp<Ordinal, Packet> ();
    }
    default:
      TEUCHOS_TEST_FOR_EXCEPTION(
        true, std::invalid_argument, "Teuchos::createOp(EReductionType): "
        "Invalid EReductionType value " << reductType << ".  Valid values "
        "include REDUCE_SUM, REDUCE_MIN, REDUCE_MAX, and REDUCE_AND.");
  }
}


} // namespace Teuchos


//
// Teuchos::Comm wrapper functions
//


template<typename Ordinal>
int Teuchos::rank(const Comm<Ordinal>& comm)
{
  return comm.getRank();
}


template<typename Ordinal>
int Teuchos::size(const Comm<Ordinal>& comm)
{
  return comm.getSize();
}


template<typename Ordinal>
void Teuchos::barrier(const Comm<Ordinal>& comm)
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: barrier<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()
    <<">()"
    );
  comm.barrier();
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int rootRank, const Ordinal count, Packet buffer[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: broadcast<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charBuffer(count,buffer);
  comm.broadcast(
    rootRank,charBuffer.getBytes(),charBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int rootRank,
  const ArrayView<Packet> &buffer
  )
{
  broadcast<Ordinal, Packet>(comm, rootRank, buffer.size(), buffer.getRawPtr() );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int rootRank, Packet *object
  )
{
  broadcast<Ordinal,Packet>(comm,rootRank,1,object);
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int rootRank, const Ptr<Packet> &object
  )
{
  broadcast<Ordinal,Packet>(comm,rootRank,1,object.getRawPtr());
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const int rootRank, const Ordinal count, Packet*const buffer[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: broadcast<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( reference type )"
    );
  ReferenceTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charBuffer(serializer, count, buffer);
  comm.broadcast(
    rootRank,charBuffer.getBytes(),charBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const int rootRank, const ArrayView<const Ptr<Packet> > &buffer
  )
{
  Array<Packet*> bufferPtrArray;
  for (int i = 0; i < buffer.size(); ++i) {
    bufferPtrArray.push_back(buffer[i].getRawPtr());
  }
  broadcast<Ordinal,Packet>(comm, serializer, rootRank,
    buffer.size(), bufferPtrArray.getRawPtr());
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
void Teuchos::broadcast(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const int rootRank, const Ordinal count, Packet buffer[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: broadcast<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet,Serializer>
    charBuffer(count,buffer,rcp(&serializer,false));
  comm.broadcast(
    rootRank,charBuffer.getBytes(),charBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::gatherAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Ordinal sendCount, const Packet sendBuffer[],
  const Ordinal recvCount, Packet recvBuffer[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: gatherAll<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charSendBuffer(sendCount,sendBuffer);
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charRecvBuffer(recvCount,recvBuffer);
  comm.gatherAll(
    charSendBuffer.getBytes(),charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    ,charRecvBuffer.getBytes(),charRecvBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    );
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void
Teuchos::gather (const Packet sendBuf[],
                 const Ordinal sendCount,
                 Packet recvBuf[],
                 const Ordinal recvCount,
                 const int root,
                 const Comm<Ordinal>& comm)
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: gather<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charSendBuffer (sendCount, sendBuf);
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charRecvBuffer (recvCount, recvBuf);
  comm.gather (charSendBuffer.getBytes (),
               charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer (),
               charRecvBuffer.getBytes (),
               charRecvBuffer.getCharBuffer (),
               root);
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void
Teuchos::gatherv (const Packet sendBuf[],
                  const Ordinal sendCount,
                  Packet recvBuf[],
                  const Ordinal recvCounts[],
                  const Ordinal displs[],
                  const int root,
                  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm)
{
  // Ordinal totalRecvCount = 0;

  // // In order to get the right output buffer length, we have to sum
  // // the receive counts from all the processes in the communicator.
  // const Ordinal numProcs = as<Ordinal> (comm->getSize ());
  // for (Ordinal k = 0; k < as<Ordinal> (numProcs); ++k) {
  //   totalRecvCount += recvCounts[k];
  // }

  // // FIXME (mfh 16 Apr 2013) We also have to redo the displacements.

  // ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
  //   charSendBuffer (sendCount, sendBuf);
  // ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
  //   charRecvBuffer (totalRecvCount, recvBuf);
  // comm.gatherv (charSendBuffer.getBytes (),
  //               charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer (),
  //               charRecvBuffer.getBytes (),
  //               charRecvBuffer.getCharBuffer (),
  //               root);
  TEUCHOS_TEST_FOR_EXCEPTION(true, std::logic_error,
    "Teuchos::gatherv: The general case is not implemented.");
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::gatherAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const Ordinal sendCount, const Packet*const sendBuffer[],
  const Ordinal recvCount, Packet*const recvBuffer[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_TEST_FOR_EXCEPT(true); // ToDo: Implement and test when needed!
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
void Teuchos::gatherAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const Ordinal sendCount, const Packet sendBuffer[],
  const Ordinal recvCount, Packet recvBuffer[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: gatherAll<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet,Serializer>
    charSendBuffer(sendCount,sendBuffer,rcp(&serializer,false));
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet,Serializer>
    charRecvBuffer(recvCount,recvBuffer,rcp(&serializer,false));
  comm.gatherAll(
    charSendBuffer.getBytes(),charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    ,charRecvBuffer.getBytes(),charRecvBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void
Teuchos::reduce (const Packet sendBuf[],
                 Packet recvBuf[],
                 const Ordinal count,
                 const EReductionType reductType,
                 const Ordinal root,
                 const Comm<Ordinal>& comm)
{
  // See Bug 6375; Tpetra does not actually need any specializations
  // other than Ordinal = int and Packet = int.  We may add them later
  // if there is interest.
  TEUCHOS_TEST_FOR_EXCEPTION
    (true, std::logic_error, "Teuchos::reduce<" <<
     TypeNameTraits<Ordinal>::name () << "," << TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name ()
     << ">: Generic version not implemented.  We only implement this function "
     "for Ordinal = int and Packet = specific types.");
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp
  ,const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet globalReducts[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: reduceAll<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type, user-defined op )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charSendBuffer(count,sendBuffer);
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charGlobalReducts(count,globalReducts);
  CharToValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>
    charReductOp(rcp(&reductOp,false));
  comm.reduceAll(
    charReductOp,charSendBuffer.getBytes(),charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    ,charGlobalReducts.getCharBuffer()
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet globalReducts[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: reduceAll<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type, "<<toString(reductType)<<" )"
    );

  ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>* reductOp =
    createOp<Ordinal, Packet> (reductType);
  try {
    reduceAll(comm,*reductOp,count,sendBuffer,globalReducts);
  }
  catch (std::exception& e) {
    delete reductOp;
    throw e;
  }
  delete reductOp;
}


namespace Teuchos {

// amb 11 Nov 2014. I am disabling these specializations for
// now. MPI_C_DOUBLE_COMPLEX is causing a problem in some builds. This code was
// effectively turned on only yesterday (10 Nov 2014) when TEUCHOS_HAVE_COMPLEX
// was corrected to be HAVE_TEUCHOS_COMPLEX, so evidently there are no users of
// these specializations.
#if 0
#ifdef HAVE_TEUCHOS_COMPLEX
// Specialization for Ordinal=int and Packet=std::complex<double>.
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
reduceAll<int, std::complex<double> > (const Comm<int>& comm,
                                       const EReductionType reductType,
                                       const int count,
                                       const std::complex<double> sendBuffer[],
                                       std::complex<double> globalReducts[]);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, std::complex<double> > (const Comm<int>& comm,
                                      const ArrayRCP<std::complex<double> >& recvBuffer,
                                      const int sourceRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, std::complex<double> > (const ArrayRCP<std::complex<double> > &recvBuffer,
                                      const int sourceRank,
                                      const int tag,
                                      const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, std::complex<double> > (const Comm<int>& comm,
                                  const int count,
                                  const std::complex<double> sendBuffer[],
                                  const int destRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, std::complex<double> > (const std::complex<double> sendBuffer[],
                                  const int count,
                                  const int destRank,
                                  const int tag,
                                  const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
isend<int, std::complex<double> > (const ArrayRCP<const std::complex<double> >& sendBuffer,
                                   const int destRank,
                                   const int tag,
                                   const Comm<int>& comm);

// Specialization for Ordinal=int and Packet=std::complex<float>.
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
reduceAll<int, std::complex<float> > (const Comm<int>& comm,
                                      const EReductionType reductType,
                                      const int count,
                                      const std::complex<float> sendBuffer[],
                                      std::complex<float> globalReducts[]);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, std::complex<float> > (const Comm<int>& comm,
                                     const ArrayRCP<std::complex<float> >& recvBuffer,
                                     const int sourceRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, std::complex<float> > (const ArrayRCP<std::complex<float> > &recvBuffer,
                                     const int sourceRank,
                                     const int tag,
                                     const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, std::complex<float> > (const Comm<int>& comm,
                                 const int count,
                                 const std::complex<float> sendBuffer[],
                                 const int destRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, std::complex<float> > (const std::complex<float> sendBuffer[],
                                 const int count,
                                 const int destRank,
                                 const int tag,
                                 const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
isend<int, std::complex<float> > (const ArrayRCP<const std::complex<float> >& sendBuffer,
                                  const int destRank,
                                  const int tag,
                                  const Comm<int>& comm);
#endif // HAVE_TEUCHOS_COMPLEX
#endif // if 0

// Specialization for Ordinal=int and Packet=double.
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
reduceAll<int, double> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                        const EReductionType reductType,
                        const int count,
                        const double sendBuffer[],
                        double globalReducts[]);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, double> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                       const ArrayRCP<double>& recvBuffer,
                       const int sourceRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, double> (const ArrayRCP<double> &recvBuffer,
                       const int sourceRank,
                       const int tag,
                       const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, double> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                   const int count,
                   const double sendBuffer[],
                   const int destRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, double> (const double sendBuffer[],
                   const int count,
                   const int destRank,
                   const int tag,
                   const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
isend<int, double> (const ArrayRCP<const double>& sendBuffer,
                    const int destRank,
                    const int tag,
                    const Comm<int>& comm);

template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
gatherv<int, double> (const double sendBuf[],
                      const int sendCount,
                      double recvBuf[],
                      const int recvCounts[],
                      const int displs[],
                      const int root,
                      const Comm<int>& comm);

// Specialization for Ordinal=int and Packet=float.
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
reduceAll<int, float> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                       const EReductionType reductType,
                       const int count,
                       const float sendBuffer[],
                       float globalReducts[]);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, float> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                      const ArrayRCP<float>& recvBuffer,
                      const int sourceRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, float> (const ArrayRCP<float> &recvBuffer,
                      const int sourceRank,
                      const int tag,
                      const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, float> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                  const int count,
                  const float sendBuffer[],
                  const int destRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, float> (const float sendBuffer[],
                  const int count,
                  const int destRank,
                  const int tag,
                  const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
isend<int, float> (const ArrayRCP<const float>& sendBuffer,
                   const int destRank,
                   const int tag,
                   const Comm<int>& comm);

template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
gatherv<int, float> (const float sendBuf[],
                     const int sendCount,
                     float recvBuf[],
                     const int recvCounts[],
                     const int displs[],
                     const int root,
                     const Comm<int>& comm);

// Specialization for Ordinal=int and Packet=long long.
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
gather<int, long long> (const long long sendBuf[],
                        const int sendCount,
                        long long recvBuf[],
                        const int recvCount,
                        const int root,
                        const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
gatherv<int, long long> (const long long sendBuf[],
                         const int sendCount,
                         long long recvBuf[],
                         const int recvCounts[],
                         const int displs[],
                         const int root,
                         const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
reduceAll<int, long long> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                           const EReductionType reductType,
                           const int count,
                           const long long sendBuffer[],
                           long long globalReducts[]);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, long long> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                          const ArrayRCP<long long>& recvBuffer,
                          const int sourceRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, long long> (const ArrayRCP<long long> &recvBuffer,
                          const int sourceRank,
                          const int tag,
                          const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, long long> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                      const int count,
                      const long long sendBuffer[],
                      const int destRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, long long> (const long long sendBuffer[],
                      const int count,
                      const int destRank,
                      const int tag,
                      const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
isend<int, long long> (const ArrayRCP<const long long>& sendBuffer,
                       const int destRank,
                       const int tag,
                       const Comm<int>& comm);

// Specialization for Ordinal=int and Packet=unsigned long long.
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
gather<int, unsigned long long> (const unsigned long long sendBuf[],
                                 const int sendCount,
                                 unsigned long long recvBuf[],
                                 const int recvCount,
                                 const int root,
                                 const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
gatherv<int, unsigned long long> (const unsigned long long sendBuf[],
                                  const int sendCount,
                                  unsigned long long recvBuf[],
                                  const int recvCounts[],
                                  const int displs[],
                                  const int root,
                                  const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
reduceAll<int, unsigned long long> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                                    const EReductionType reductType,
                                    const int count,
                                    const unsigned long long sendBuffer[],
                                    unsigned long long globalReducts[]);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, unsigned long long> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                                   const ArrayRCP<unsigned long long>& recvBuffer,
                                   const int sourceRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, unsigned long long> (const ArrayRCP<unsigned long long> &recvBuffer,
                                   const int sourceRank,
                                   const int tag,
                                   const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, unsigned long long> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                               const int count,
                               const unsigned long long sendBuffer[],
                               const int destRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, unsigned long long> (const unsigned long long sendBuffer[],
                               const int count,
                               const int destRank,
                               const int tag,
                               const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
isend<int, unsigned long long> (const ArrayRCP<const unsigned long long>& sendBuffer,
                                const int destRank,
                                const int tag,
                                const Comm<int>& comm);

// Specialization for Ordinal=int and Packet=long.
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
gather<int, long> (const long sendBuf[],
                   const int sendCount,
                   long recvBuf[],
                   const int recvCount,
                   const int root,
                   const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
gatherv<int, long> (const long sendBuf[],
                    const int sendCount,
                    long recvBuf[],
                    const int recvCounts[],
                    const int displs[],
                    const int root,
                    const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
reduceAll<int, long> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                      const EReductionType reductType,
                      const int count,
                      const long sendBuffer[],
                      long globalReducts[]);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, long> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                     const ArrayRCP<long>& recvBuffer,
                     const int sourceRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, long> (const ArrayRCP<long> &recvBuffer,
                     const int sourceRank,
                     const int tag,
                     const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, long> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                 const int count,
                 const long sendBuffer[],
                 const int destRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, long> (const long sendBuffer[],
                 const int count,
                 const int destRank,
                 const int tag,
                 const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
isend<int, long> (const ArrayRCP<const long>& sendBuffer,
                  const int destRank,
                  const int tag,
                  const Comm<int>& comm);

// Specialization for Ordinal=int and Packet=unsigned long.
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
gather<int, unsigned long> (const unsigned long sendBuf[],
                            const int sendCount,
                            unsigned long recvBuf[],
                            const int recvCount,
                            const int root,
                            const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
gatherv<int, unsigned long> (const unsigned long sendBuf[],
                             const int sendCount,
                             unsigned long recvBuf[],
                             const int recvCounts[],
                             const int displs[],
                             const int root,
                             const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
reduceAll<int, unsigned long> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                               const EReductionType reductType,
                               const int count,
                               const unsigned long sendBuffer[],
                               unsigned long globalReducts[]);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, unsigned long> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                              const ArrayRCP<unsigned long>& recvBuffer,
                              const int sourceRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, unsigned long> (const ArrayRCP<unsigned long> &recvBuffer,
                              const int sourceRank,
                              const int tag,
                              const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, unsigned long> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                          const int count,
                          const unsigned long sendBuffer[],
                          const int destRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, unsigned long> (const unsigned long sendBuffer[],
                          const int count,
                          const int destRank,
                          const int tag,
                          const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
isend<int, unsigned long> (const ArrayRCP<const unsigned long>& sendBuffer,
                           const int destRank,
                           const int tag,
                           const Comm<int>& comm);

// Specialization for Ordinal=int and Packet=int.
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
gather<int, int> (const int sendBuf[],
                  const int sendCount,
                  int recvBuf[],
                  const int recvCount,
                  const int root,
                  const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
gatherv<int, int> (const int sendBuf[],
                   const int sendCount,
                   int recvBuf[],
                   const int recvCounts[],
                   const int displs[],
                   const int root,
                   const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
scatter (const int sendBuf[],
         const int sendCount,
         int recvBuf[],
         const int recvCount,
         const int root,
         const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
scatterv (const double sendBuf[],
          const int sendCounts[],
          const int displs[],
          double recvBuf[],
          const int recvCount,
          const int root,
          const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
scatterv (const float sendBuf[],
          const int sendCounts[],
          const int displs[],
          float recvBuf[],
          const int recvCount,
          const int root,
          const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
reduce<int, int> (const int sendBuf[],
                  int recvBuf[],
                  const int count,
                  const EReductionType reductType,
                  const int root,
                  const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
reduce<int, long> (const long sendBuf[],
                   long recvBuf[],
                   const int count,
                   const EReductionType reductType,
                   const int root,
                   const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
reduce<int, unsigned long> (const unsigned long sendBuf[],
                            unsigned long recvBuf[],
                            const int count,
                            const EReductionType reductType,
                            const int root,
                            const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
reduce<int, unsigned long long > (const unsigned long long sendBuf[],
                                  unsigned long long recvBuf[],
                                  const int count,
                                  const EReductionType reductType,
                                  const int root,
                                  const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
reduce<int, double> (const double sendBuf[],
                     double recvBuf[],
                     const int count,
                     const EReductionType reductType,
                     const int root,
                     const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
reduceAll<int, int> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                     const EReductionType reductType,
                     const int count,
                     const int sendBuffer[],
                     int globalReducts[]);

template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, int> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                    const ArrayRCP<int>& recvBuffer,
                    const int sourceRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, int> (const ArrayRCP<int> &recvBuffer,
                    const int sourceRank,
                    const int tag,
                    const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, int> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                const int count,
                const int sendBuffer[],
                const int destRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, int> (const int sendBuffer[],
                const int count,
                const int destRank,
                const int tag,
                const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
isend<int, int> (const ArrayRCP<const int>& sendBuffer,
                 const int destRank,
                 const int tag,
                 const Comm<int>& comm);

// Specialization for Ordinal=int and Packet=unsigned int.
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
gather<int, unsigned int> (const unsigned int sendBuf[],
                           const int sendCount,
                           unsigned int recvBuf[],
                           const int recvCount,
                           const int root,
                           const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
gatherv<int, unsigned int> (const unsigned int sendBuf[],
                            const int sendCount,
                            unsigned int recvBuf[],
                            const int recvCounts[],
                            const int displs[],
                            const int root,
                            const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
reduceAll<int, unsigned int> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                              const EReductionType reductType,
                              const int count,
                              const unsigned int sendBuffer[],
                              unsigned int globalReducts[]);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, unsigned int> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                             const ArrayRCP<unsigned int>& recvBuffer,
                             const int sourceRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, unsigned int> (const ArrayRCP<unsigned int> &recvBuffer,
                             const int sourceRank,
                             const int tag,
                             const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, unsigned int> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                         const int count,
                         const unsigned int sendBuffer[],
                         const int destRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, unsigned int> (const unsigned int sendBuffer[],
                         const int count,
                         const int destRank,
                         const int tag,
                         const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
isend<int, unsigned int> (const ArrayRCP<const unsigned int>& sendBuffer,
                          const int destRank,
                          const int tag,
                          const Comm<int>& comm);

// Specialization for Ordinal=int and Packet=short.
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
gather<int, short> (const short sendBuf[],
                    const int sendCount,
                    short recvBuf[],
                    const int recvCount,
                    const int root,
                    const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
gatherv<int, short> (const short sendBuf[],
                     const int sendCount,
                     short recvBuf[],
                     const int recvCounts[],
                     const int displs[],
                     const int root,
                     const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
reduceAll<int, short> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                       const EReductionType reductType,
                       const int count,
                       const short sendBuffer[],
                       short globalReducts[]);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, short> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                      const ArrayRCP<short>& recvBuffer,
                      const int sourceRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
ireceive<int, short> (const ArrayRCP<short> &recvBuffer,
                      const int sourceRank,
                      const int tag,
                      const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, short> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                  const int count,
                  const short sendBuffer[],
                  const int destRank);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
send<int, short> (const short sendBuffer[],
                  const int count,
                  const int destRank,
                  const int tag,
                  const Comm<int>& comm);
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT RCP<CommRequest<int> >
isend<int, short> (const ArrayRCP<const short>& sendBuffer,
                   const int destRank,
                   const int tag,
                   const Comm<int>& comm);

// mfh 18 Oct 2012: The specialization for Packet=char seems to be
// causing problems such as the following:
//
// http://testing.sandia.gov/cdash/testDetails.php?test=9909246&build=747699
//
// I am disabling it for now.  This should revert back to the old
// behavior for Packet=char.  That should fix the Tpetra errors, since
// many Tpetra objects inherit from DistObject<char, ...>.
#if 0
// Specialization for Ordinal=int and Packet=char.
template<>
TEUCHOSCOMM_LIB_DLL_EXPORT void
reduceAll<int, char> (const Comm<int>& comm,
                      const EReductionType reductType,
                      const int count,
                      const char sendBuffer[],
                      char globalReducts[]);
#endif // 0
} // namespace Teuchos


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType
  ,const Packet &send, const Ptr<Packet> &globalReduct
  )
{
  // mfh 17 Oct 2012: This will invoke the above specializations for
  // general count, so we don't need to specialize this function.
  reduceAll<Ordinal,Packet>(comm, reductType, 1, &send, &*globalReduct);
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const ReferenceTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet*const sendBuffer[], Packet*const globalReducts[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: reduceAll<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( reference type )"
    );
  ConstReferenceTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charSendBuffer(serializer,count,sendBuffer);
  ReferenceTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charGlobalReducts(serializer,count,globalReducts);
  CharToReferenceTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>
    charReductOp(rcp(&serializer,false),rcp(&reductOp,false));
  comm.reduceAll(
    charReductOp,charSendBuffer.getBytes(),charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    ,charGlobalReducts.getCharBuffer()
    );
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
void Teuchos::reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet globalReducts[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: reduceAll<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type, user-defined op )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet,Serializer>
    charSendBuffer(count,sendBuffer,rcp(&serializer,false));
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet,Serializer>
    charGlobalReducts(count,globalReducts,rcp(&serializer,false));
  CharToValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet,Serializer>
    charReductOp(rcp(&reductOp,false),rcp(&serializer,false));
  comm.reduceAll(
    charReductOp,charSendBuffer.getBytes(),charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    ,charGlobalReducts.getCharBuffer()
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
void Teuchos::reduceAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const EReductionType reductType,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet globalReducts[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: reduceAll<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type, "<<toString(reductType)<<" )"
    );

  ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>* reductOp =
    createOp<Ordinal, Packet> (reductType);
  try {
    reduceAll(comm,serializer,*reductOp,count,sendBuffer,globalReducts);
  }
  catch (std::exception& e) {
    delete reductOp;
    throw e;
  }
  delete reductOp;
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet scanReducts[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: scan<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type, user-defined op )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charSendBuffer(count,sendBuffer);
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charScanReducts(count,scanReducts);
  CharToValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>
    charReductOp(rcp(&reductOp,false));
  comm.scan(
    charReductOp,charSendBuffer.getBytes(),charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    ,charScanReducts.getCharBuffer()
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet scanReducts[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: scan<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type, "<<toString(reductType)<<" )"
    );

  ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>* reductOp =
    createOp<Ordinal, Packet> (reductType);
  try {
    scan(comm,*reductOp,count,sendBuffer,scanReducts);
  }
  catch (std::exception& e) {
    delete reductOp;
    throw e;
  }
  delete reductOp;
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const EReductionType reductType,
  const Packet &send, const Ptr<Packet> &scanReduct
  )
{
  scan<Ordinal,Packet>(comm, reductType, 1, &send, &*scanReduct);
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const ReferenceTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet*const sendBuffer[], Packet*const scanReducts[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_TEST_FOR_EXCEPT(true); // ToDo: Implement and test when needed!
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
void Teuchos::scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet> &reductOp,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet scanReducts[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: scan<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type, user-defined op )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet,Serializer>
    charSendBuffer(count,sendBuffer,rcp(&serializer,false));
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet,Serializer>
    charScanReducts(count,scanReducts,rcp(&serializer,false));
  CharToValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet,Serializer>
    charReductOp(rcp(&reductOp,false),rcp(&serializer,false));
  comm.scan(
    charReductOp,charSendBuffer.getBytes(),charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    ,charScanReducts.getCharBuffer()
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
void Teuchos::scan(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const EReductionType reductType,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], Packet scanReducts[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: scan<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type, "<<toString(reductType)<<" )"
    );

  ValueTypeReductionOp<Ordinal,Packet>* reductOp =
    createOp<Ordinal, Packet> (reductType);
  try {
    scan(comm,serializer,*reductOp,count,sendBuffer,scanReducts);
  }
  catch (std::exception& e) {
    delete reductOp;
    throw e;
  }
  delete reductOp;
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::send(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], const int destRank
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: send<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charSendBuffer(count,sendBuffer);
  comm.send(
    charSendBuffer.getBytes(),charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    ,destRank
    );
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void
Teuchos::send (const Packet sendBuffer[],
               const Ordinal count,
               const int destRank,
               const int tag,
               const Comm<Ordinal>& comm)
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: send<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet> charSendBuffer (count, sendBuffer);
  comm.send (charSendBuffer.getBytes (), charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer (), destRank, tag);
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::ssend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], const int destRank
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: ssend<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charSendBuffer(count,sendBuffer);
  comm.ssend(
    charSendBuffer.getBytes(),charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    ,destRank
    );
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void
Teuchos::ssend (const Packet sendBuffer[],
                const Ordinal count,
                const int destRank,
                const int tag,
                const Comm<Ordinal>& comm)
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: ssend<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  typedef ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal, Packet> buf_type;
  buf_type charSendBuffer (count, sendBuffer);
  comm.ssend (charSendBuffer.getBytes (),
              charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer (),
              destRank, tag);
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::send(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Packet &send, const int destRank
  )
{
  Teuchos::send<Ordinal,Packet>(comm,1,&send,destRank);
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::ssend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Packet &send, const int destRank
  )
{
  Teuchos::ssend<Ordinal,Packet>(comm,1,&send,destRank);
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::send(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet*const sendBuffer[], const int destRank
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_TEST_FOR_EXCEPT(true); // ToDo: Implement and test when needed!
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
void Teuchos::send(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const Ordinal count, const Packet sendBuffer[], const int destRank
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: send<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet,Serializer>
    charSendBuffer(count,sendBuffer,rcp(&serializer,false));
  comm.send(
    charSendBuffer.getBytes(),charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    ,destRank
    );
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
int Teuchos::receive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int sourceRank, const Ordinal count, Packet recvBuffer[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: receive<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charRecvBuffer(count,recvBuffer);
  return comm.receive(
    sourceRank
    ,charRecvBuffer.getBytes(),charRecvBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    );
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
int Teuchos::receive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const int sourceRank, Packet *recv
  )
{
  return Teuchos::receive<Ordinal,Packet>(comm,sourceRank,1,recv);
}


template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
int Teuchos::receive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm, const Serializer<Ordinal,Packet> &serializer,
  const int sourceRank, const Ordinal count, Packet*const recvBuffer[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_TEST_FOR_EXCEPT(true); // ToDo: Implement and test when needed!
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
int Teuchos::receive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const int sourceRank, const Ordinal count, Packet recvBuffer[]
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: receive<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet,Serializer>
    charRecvBuffer(count,recvBuffer,rcp(&serializer,false));
  return comm.receive(
    sourceRank
    ,charRecvBuffer.getBytes(),charRecvBuffer.getCharBuffer()
    );
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::readySend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const ArrayView<const Packet> &sendBuffer,
  const int destRank
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: readySend<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charSendBuffer(sendBuffer.size(), sendBuffer.getRawPtr());
  comm.readySend( charSendBuffer.getCharBufferView(), destRank );
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void
Teuchos::readySend (const Packet sendBuffer[],
                    const Ordinal count,
                    const int destRank,
                    const int tag,
                    const Comm<Ordinal>& comm)
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: readySend<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  typedef ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal, Packet> buf_type;
  buf_type charSendBuffer (count, sendBuffer);
  comm.readySend (charSendBuffer.getBytes (),
                  charSendBuffer.getCharBuffer (),
                  destRank, tag);
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
void Teuchos::readySend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Packet &send,
  const int destRank
  )
{
  readySend<Ordinal, Packet>( comm, arrayView(&send,1), destRank );
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
void Teuchos::readySend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const ArrayView<const Packet> &sendBuffer,
  const int destRank
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: readySend<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet,Serializer>
    charSendBuffer(sendBuffer.size(), sendBuffer.getRawPtr(), serializer);
  comm.readySend( charSendBuffer.getCharBufferView(), destRank );
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
Teuchos::RCP<Teuchos::CommRequest<Ordinal> >
Teuchos::isend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const ArrayRCP<const Packet> &sendBuffer,
  const int destRank
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: isend<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charSendBuffer(sendBuffer.size(), sendBuffer.getRawPtr());
  RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> > commRequest = comm.isend(
    charSendBuffer.getCharBufferView(), destRank );
  set_extra_data( sendBuffer, "buffer", inOutArg(commRequest) );
  return commRequest;
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
Teuchos::RCP<Teuchos::CommRequest<Ordinal> >
Teuchos::isend (const ArrayRCP<const Packet> &sendBuffer,
                const int destRank,
                const int tag,
                const Comm<Ordinal>& comm)
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::isend<" << OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name () << ","
    << TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name () << ">");
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charSendBuffer (sendBuffer.size (), sendBuffer.getRawPtr ());
  RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> > commRequest =
    comm.isend (charSendBuffer.getCharBufferView (), destRank, tag);
  set_extra_data (sendBuffer, "buffer", inOutArg (commRequest));
  return commRequest;
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
Teuchos::RCP<Teuchos::CommRequest<Ordinal> >
Teuchos::isend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const RCP<const Packet> &send,
  const int destRank
  )
{
  const ArrayRCP<const Packet> sendBuffer =
    arcpWithEmbeddedObj( send.get(), 0, 1, send, false );
  // 2008/07/29: rabartl: Above: I need to write a helper function to create
  // new ArrayRCP object given a single object to copy.
  return isend<Ordinal, Packet>( comm, sendBuffer, destRank );
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
Teuchos::RCP<Teuchos::CommRequest<Ordinal> >
Teuchos::isend(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const ArrayRCP<const Packet> &sendBuffer,
  const int destRank
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: isend<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ConstValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet,Serializer>
    charSendBuffer(sendBuffer.size(), sendBuffer.getRawPtr(), serializer);
  RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> > commRequest = comm.isend(
    charSendBuffer.getCharBufferView(), destRank );
  set_extra_data( sendBuffer, "buffer", inOutArg(commRequest) );
  return commRequest;
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
Teuchos::RCP<Teuchos::CommRequest<Ordinal> >
Teuchos::ireceive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const ArrayRCP<Packet> &recvBuffer,
  const int sourceRank
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::ireceive<int, " << "," << TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name () << ">");
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet>
    charRecvBuffer(recvBuffer.size(), recvBuffer.getRawPtr());
  RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> > commRequest = comm.ireceive(
    charRecvBuffer.getCharBufferView(), sourceRank );
  set_extra_data( recvBuffer, "buffer", inOutArg(commRequest) );
  return commRequest;
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
Teuchos::RCP<Teuchos::CommRequest<Ordinal> >
Teuchos::ireceive (const Teuchos::ArrayRCP<Packet> &recvBuffer,
                   const int sourceRank,
                   const int tag,
                   const Teuchos::Comm<Ordinal>& comm)
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::ireceive<int, " << "," << TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name () << ">");
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<int, Packet>
    charRecvBuffer (recvBuffer.size (), recvBuffer.getRawPtr ());
  RCP<CommRequest<int> > commRequest =
    comm.ireceive (charRecvBuffer.getCharBufferView (), sourceRank, tag);
  set_extra_data (recvBuffer, "buffer", inOutArg (commRequest));
  return commRequest;
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet>
Teuchos::RCP<Teuchos::CommRequest<Ordinal> >
Teuchos::ireceive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const RCP<Packet> &recv,
  const int sourceRank
  )
{
  const ArrayRCP<Packet> recvBuffer =
    arcpWithEmbeddedObj( recv.get(), 0, 1, recv, false );
  // 2008/07/29: rabartl: Above: I need to write a helper function to create
  // new ArrayRCP object given a single object to copy.
  return ireceive<Ordinal, Packet>( comm, recvBuffer, sourceRank );
}

template<typename Ordinal, typename Packet, typename Serializer>
Teuchos::RCP<Teuchos::CommRequest<Ordinal> >
Teuchos::ireceive(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const Serializer& serializer,
  const ArrayRCP<Packet> &recvBuffer,
  const int sourceRank
  )
{
  TEUCHOS_COMM_TIME_MONITOR(
    "Teuchos::CommHelpers: ireceive<"
    <<OrdinalTraits<Ordinal>::name()<<","<<TypeNameTraits<Packet>::name()
    <<">( value type )"
    );
  ValueTypeSerializationBuffer<Ordinal,Packet,Serializer>
    charRecvBuffer(recvBuffer.size(), recvBuffer.getRawPtr(), serializer);
  RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> > commRequest = comm.ireceive(
    charRecvBuffer.getCharBufferView(), sourceRank );
  set_extra_data( recvBuffer, "buffer", inOutArg(commRequest) );
  return commRequest;
}

template<typename Ordinal>
void Teuchos::waitAll(
  const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
  const ArrayView<RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> > > &requests
  )
{
  comm.waitAll(requests);
}


template<typename Ordinal>
void
Teuchos::waitAll (const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
                  const ArrayView<RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> > >& requests,
                  const ArrayView<RCP<CommStatus<Ordinal> > >& statuses)
{
  comm.waitAll (requests, statuses);
}


template<typename Ordinal>
Teuchos::RCP<Teuchos::CommStatus<Ordinal> >
Teuchos::wait (const Comm<Ordinal>& comm,
               const Ptr<RCP<CommRequest<Ordinal> > > &request)
{
  return comm.wait (request);
}


#endif // TEUCHOS_COMM_HELPERS_HPP